As I sit here writing this reflection blog, I face my home
office wall and view my “teaching charts.”
- Useful Templates from They Say, I Say: The Moves that Matter in Academic Writing
- 10 Tips on How to Write Less Badly
- Common Transition Words
- BALANCE – Breathe, Allow, Learning, Adapt, Notice, Confide, Exercise
- 7 Habits
- 4 Agreements
These are the things I need to remember
when I sit down to write, grade, email, blog, think, and be the teacher and
teacher-educator that I am. As I am
constantly busy, moving from one task to another, these visual reminders help
me remember the skills and strategies that are important to my work. It isn’t that I don’t know HOW to do these
things, often I get caught up in the moment, focused on getting a task done,
rather than a task done well. My “teaching charts” are my cues to use the
practices that lift the level of my writing, thinking, and interacting with
others.
This is the theme of chapter 3 –
how tools can help students remember the skills and strategies that have been
introduced in lessons. As the authors
state, “There was a palpable tension between the sheer volume
of information the student encountered in a day and the assumption of quick recall
and application” (pg. 38). Whether in kindergarten, grade 12, or at the
college level, students are constantly bombarded with “lessons” from
instructors, tugged into social media or social interactions, and mired in
their own personal issues. To help them
refocus their thoughts, and increase the level of thinking, tools such as
repertoire charts (reminder of past lessons), personalized bookmarks of
strategies that work, or micro-progression charts (that show increasing
sophistication of a process) can be useful. These tools, being co-created or
co-constructed with students, enable the students to review and re-interpret
their understanding of the strategies.
In today’s test-focused policies,
rigor tends to mean that everyone must hit the same high standard, but the authors
break rigor into two parts 1) The difficulty of the task and 2) a description
of a behavior of performance (the work or effort). Rigor, using Carol Dweck’s
growth mindset, means, “becoming is better than being”
(pg. 54). In other words, “students seeing themselves
as always working toward a new goal” (pg. 54).
However, to be able to reach for
the next goal, students need to see what the goal is and envision the steps
toward achievement. There’s a famous quote of Jerry Sienfield, from his
1993 book SienLanguage, about
teachers giving feedback:
“I always did well on essay tests.
Just put everything you know on there, maybe you’ll hit it. And then you get
the paper back from the teacher and she’s written just one word across the top
of the page, “vague.” I thought “vague” was kind of vague. I’d write underneath
it “unclear,” and send it back. She’d return it to me, “ambiguous.” I’d send it
back to her, “cloudy.” We’re still corresponding to this day … “hazy” …
“muddy”…”
Using the tool of a
micro-progression chart, students can see the progression from a low level of
performance to higher levels of performance.
Basically, it is creating the criteria for a rubric, with specific examples,
to show students how their work can become more sophisticated with the addition
of different strategies and skills.
Currently, I’m the edTPA coordinator
for a small liberal arts college. The edTPA is a performance-based portfolio
assessment for pre-service teachers. Although there are many issues with using
this assessment as a high-stakes test, there are a few redeeming features of
the process. In this assessment, student teachers need to complete three tasks –
Planning, Instruction, and Assessment. The student teacher plans, teaches and
video records 3-5 lessons, analyzes student work, and writes commentary using
standardized prompts to show their thinking about how and what they taught.
One of the characteristics of
accomplished teaching, according to edTPA, is student-focused instruction. In
other words, modeling what students need to do, supporting their practice to
help them achieve independence in using the skills or strategies. In lessons, students need to be doing the
work of learning, not the teacher. As
the authors refer to Carl Anderson, “if we [the
teachers] are tired after class and the kids are rested and relaxed, having not
done much, there is something off” (pg. 69). Hopefully, one positive influence of edTPA
will help change traditional school culture that emphasizes the teacher as “sage
on the stage” and encourage more consistent, active engagement of students in
their own work.
Another feature of the edTPA
assessment is the use of rubrics to score each of the tasks. Now, I recognize
that there are some issues with the overuse of rubrics, (see my article about 6-TraitsWriting Rubrics: Things That Make Us Smart Can Also Make Us Dumb), but having
clear indicators of levels of performance can help students (and student
teachers) envision what a strong performance looks like. The Micro-Progression
Tool, as an interactive, co-created chart, helps students see the increasing
complexity of work. When working with the teacher and their peers, each
student can see that he/she is capable of the highest level of work. And, they
then have the language to articulate how hard they want to work on future
projects.
With edTPA there is a similar
structure – the rubrics in the Subject Area Handbook and a separate Understanding
Rubric Progressions. This second document shows student teachers what a level 3
performance might look like as compared to a level 5. Within the rubric, the
additional levels of complexity are bolded to show the difference. For those
student teachers who need to be concerned about achieving a passing score on
their edTPA, this “micro-progression chart” is a valuable resource. It can also
show new teachers the importance of helping students understand what a rubric
really is – not just a grading tool, but a tool for students to see the
progression of complexity in a task or assignment.
“One why to
help your students work harder is to make sure they know exactly what it means,
and what it looks like, and how to reach for high performance. You can take the
mystery out of the vague commend to work harder. You can show them the way”
(pg. 69).
